Gastroesophageal Reflux: Impact on Persistent Cough, Laryngitis, and Dental Erosions

More than 40 specialists from various disciplines gathered on May 9 at Policlínica Gipuzkoa to celebrate the Third Conference on Controversies in Digestive Pathology. This event focused on atypical gastroesophageal reflux, a variant of the disease that has gained relevance in recent years and presents a set of diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.

It is estimated that around 40% of the population will experience some episode of gastroesophageal reflux during their lifetime. However, it is only considered a disease when symptoms occur at least twice a week and affect the patient’s quality of life, impacting approximately 15% of the population.

Doctors Julyssa Cobian and Laura Olondris, experts in the Digestive System, presented a multidisciplinary approach to atypical reflux. Cobian explained that this type of reflux does not only manifest with traditional digestive symptoms but can also cause persistent cough, laryngitis, throat clearing, asthma, and dental erosion, complicating the diagnosis and leading patients to consult various doctors before reaching the appropriate specialist.

The diagnosis of atypical reflux may include tests such as gastroscopy and 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring, which help correlate episodes of reflux with the patient’s symptoms. Cobian emphasized that, although these tests are more complex, they are essential when symptoms are not typical.

Regarding treatment, Olondris highlighted that not all patients respond to proton pump inhibitors, which are the first line of treatment. In cases where standard medication is ineffective, she suggested considering alternatives that may include dietary changes, postural adjustments, or even surgical interventions in select situations.

Both specialists stressed the importance of such meetings, where the exchange of experiences among professionals from different fields, such as otolaryngology and pulmonology, contributes to a more comprehensive approach and improves patient care.

The Conference on Controversies in Digestive Pathology has established itself as a key event for professionals seeking to update their knowledge and discuss current challenges in the management of digestive diseases.