Here’s the translated text in American English:
Gestational diabetes affects a significant percentage of women during pregnancy, ranging from 4% to 10% of pregnant individuals. Dr. Santiago Novoa, gynecologist at Policlínica Gipuzkoa, emphasizes the importance of proper medical monitoring and adopting healthy habits to reduce associated risks. Although this condition can lead to complications for both the mother and the baby, appropriate follow-up can result in uncomplicated pregnancies and deliveries.
Risk factors for developing gestational diabetes include a body mass index greater than 30, having given birth to a baby weighing over 4 kg in previous pregnancies, and a family history of diabetes. Maternal age is also a key aspect, especially in women over 35 years old, as well as belonging to certain ethnic groups.
Complications linked to gestational diabetes can include the need for induced labor or cesarean delivery, complications during labor, and an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes in the future. In the case of babies, they may be born with a higher-than-normal weight, present with excess amniotic fluid, and require special care after birth. Therefore, Novoa emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and ongoing monitoring, collaborating with other specialists such as fetal medicine doctors and endocrinologists.
The key treatment for gestational diabetes involves following a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and maintaining strict control of blood glucose levels. In certain situations, insulin or oral medications may be required. A simple 30-minute walk after meals can be very helpful for good glycemic control.
Although gestational diabetes usually resolves after childbirth, regular medical check-ups are recommended, as a significant percentage of women develop type 2 diabetes later on. Additionally, over half of the women who have experienced gestational diabetes may experience it again in future pregnancies.
Regarding nutrition, Novoa advises prioritizing healthy carbohydrates, along with adequate intake of vegetables, legumes, and unsweetened dairy. It is essential to avoid sugars and sweetened beverages, control portion sizes, and distribute carbohydrate intake throughout the day to prevent glucose spikes. Finally, he highlights the importance of including proteins and vegetables in all main meals.
Gestational diabetes can be a concern for many women, but with proper management, both mother and baby can enjoy a healthy pregnancy and delivery. Policlínica Gipuzkoa has a multidisciplinary team that supports pregnant individuals throughout their entire process.
Source: MiMub in Spanish
