Climate change has led Europe to develop an ambitious plan to transform its electrical system towards a completely renewable model. The European Union (EU) has set specific goals with the intention of mitigating the effects of global warming, particularly through the incorporation of new technologies and the optimization of energy management.
By 2030, the EU has committed to reducing greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55% compared to 1990 levels, increasing the share of renewable energies to 42.5% in final consumption, and improving energy efficiency by 36%. Additionally, more ambitious targets have been agreed upon, such as a 90% reduction in emissions by 2040, thus establishing a clear path towards climate neutrality by 2050.
The electrical system is fundamental in this transition, as electricity is expected to become the main source of energy in sectors such as transportation and industry. Decarbonization will involve a transition from fossil fuels to renewable electricity, promoting the adoption of electric vehicles and the modernization of industrial processes.
This increase in electrification will generate a considerable demand for electricity, which in turn will require increased renewable energy generation and more robust grids. Solar and wind energy, both onshore and offshore, will be pillars in this growth, although it will be essential to have storage systems, such as batteries and hydraulic pumping solutions, to balance generation and demand.
Batteries are positioning themselves as key components in the future of energy supply. With the growing investment in renewable energies, there is a need to store excess generated energy and release it when needed. Technological advancements have driven down costs in batteries, making them economically viable for a variety of projects.
In addition to meeting energy needs, batteries will play a crucial role in stabilizing the electrical system, creating a cushion during demand peaks and improving the operability of local grids. The transformation of electrical networks towards a smarter and more digitalized model will optimize energy flow and encourage active consumer participation.
On the other hand, green hydrogen, produced from renewable electricity, emerges as a key alternative to decarbonize complex sectors that are difficult to electrify. This resource can also serve as a seasonal storage system, contributing to the overall balance of the energy system.
However, this transformation faces multiple challenges, such as the need for long-term planning, regulatory coordination between countries, and financing infrastructure. Although the shift towards a decarbonized electrical system will offer significant investment and job opportunities, it will require a collaborative effort that promotes innovation and a clear vision towards a sustainable energy future.
With these initiatives, Europe reaffirms its commitment to leading the global energy transition, trusting that joint efforts and technological advances will accelerate progress towards a more sustainable electrical system.
via: MiMub in Spanish
